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The_History_of_FPS_Games_Vol_1_1974-1988

The History of FPS Games Vol 1 1974-1988

The following article discusses '90s style first-person shooters, new and old, for non-IBM PC compatible computer platforms and microcomputers, as well as relevant progenitors on those systems that influenced the design of the first-person shooter.[1]

Due to the genre still being nascent during the heyday of the 8 and 16-bit home computer, preceding the domination of the Wintel ecosystem that coincided with its rise to prominence, these projects were largely made with the benefit of hindsight.[2][3] A few attempts have also been made to bring the first-person shooter to 8-bit PCs as well.[4][5][6][7]

Xerox[]

Maze_War_1973

Maze War 1973

The Xerox Alto, Star, and Daybreak workstations saw the first home available conversions of the seminal Mazewar in 1977.[8][9] The presence of games helped contrast it with competing workstations such as the Three Rivers PERQ.[10] A recreation of the game for modern systems has been created by Jonathan "Blueteak" Schenker.[11]

TI-99/4A[]

The TI-99/4A home computer featured the role-playing game Tunnels of Doom, with first-person dungeon crawls.

Tandy Corporation[]

Tandy Corporation specialized in the production of affordable home computers sold through subsidiary Radio Shack. Starting with the Tandy 1000 in 1984, the company abandoned its own designs and instead pionieered the cloning of the IBM PC, leading to the open standard in wide use today.

TRS-80[]

The TRS-80 introduced first-person adventure maze games such as such as Med Systems Software's Deathmaze 5000,[12][13][14] Labyrinth,[15][16][17][18] and Asylum,[19][20][21][22] plus others such as Portal of Light.[23] Deathmaze 5000 was ported to the Apple II, and Aslyum II[24] was released for the Atari 8-bit computers in 1983 and IBM PC and Commodore 64 in 1985 simply as Asylum.[25]

The games Armored Patrol[26][27][28] and its predecessor Tank Zone 2000[29] offered a more action oriented experience from a first-person perspective.[30]

Color Computer[]

Gate_Crasher_(demo_version!)_for_the_TRS-80_CoCo

Gate Crasher (demo version!) for the TRS-80 CoCo

Confusingly also called the TRS-80 Color Computer, despite using an entirely different microprocessor, and informally the CoCo. A first-person shooter entitled GateCrasher was released for the system in 2000 by Nick Marentes,[31][32] based on a rendering demo called Gloom by John Kowalski.

During its commercial life, the Tandy Color featured the first-person titles Phantom Slayer[33][34] in 1982 plus Dungeons of Daggorath[35][36][37] and Androne[38][39] in 1983. A 2023 hack for Daggorath adds in the imp and cacodemon from Doom.[40]

Japan[]

Through the 1980s and 1990s, the Japanese home computer scene remained separate from those elsewhere in the world, partly due to difficulties in representing Japanese text.[41] Similar to the divide between Eastern and Western role-playing games, Japan saw its own distinct evolution of first-person shooter concepts, even if it never became a major genre there.[42][43][44][45]

ASCII Corporation[]

The game 3-D Bomberman, only the second game ever in the series, rendered the popular arcade-style game Bomberman in first-person for the MSX computers.[46][47][48] Another first-person maze title The Maze of Illegus was released by ASCII Corporation in 1984,[49] with 3D Alien in Town[50] and the Spanish Laberinto[51] also available. The 2022 homebrew game 3D Deathchase features frantic first-person combat on a motorbike as a conversion of the ZX Spectrum game Deathchase.[52][53][54]

NEC Corporation[]

Maze_999_-_Doom_for_Nec_PC98_(Tetsuzi_Usude)_(Bangaimaru)_(1996)

Maze 999 - Doom for Nec PC98 (Tetsuzi Usude) (Bangaimaru) (1996)

The Alien Island 3D for the PC-88 (a distinct Japanese platform from the international IBM PC) in 1985 offered rudimentary first-person 3D visuals and shooting.[55] The 1988 game Star Cruiser features segments remarkably similar to later first-person shooter games.[56][57] Rather than using sprites, everything is made up of flat coloured polygons.[58]

A version of was also released for the Sega Megadrive, and received a fan English translation in 2016.[59][60] The succeeding PC-98 series saw, along with Star Cruiser and its sequel Star Cruiser II: The Odysseus Project,[61] ports of IBM PC shooters[62][63] such as Wolfenstein 3D,[64] Doom,[65] and Descent.[66] The more compatible DOS-V systems also saw localizations, with one by Imagineer memorably titled DOOM 3D Alien Busters.[67][68]

An original first-person shooter entitled Maze 999 was released for the PC-98 in 1996.[69][70]

Sharp Corporation[]

Star_Cruiser_(1989)_Sharp_X68000

Star Cruiser (1989) Sharp X68000

The Sharp MZ received a number of first-person maze games, including 3D Maze,[71][72] 3-D Way Out,[73][74] Dragon Cave,[75][76] Minotaur's Cave,[77][78] and Diamond.[79][80] The X1 received versions of the aforementioned 3D Bomberman and Star Cruiser.[81][82] The succeeding X68000 also received Star Cruiser, as well as the polygonal Geograph Seal.[83][84] Doom has also been ran, albiet at a low framerate.[85][86]

Fujitsu[]

Last Survivor was released for the FM Towns in 1989, Infestation in 1990, and Mega Spectre was released in 1993.

Sinclair Research[]

ZX81[]

Sinclair_ZX81_Game-_3D_Monster_Maze_(1981_J._K._Greye_Software)

Sinclair ZX81 Game- 3D Monster Maze (1981 J. K. Greye Software)

Back in 1981, 3D Monster Maze for ZX81 helped originate the first-person computer game and the survival horror genre.[87][88] Versions were subsequently homebrewed for the ZX Spectrum,[89] Tandy Coco,[90] and Commodore 64.[91]

ZX Spectrum[]

DOOM_game_on_ZX_Spectrum

DOOM game on ZX Spectrum

WOLFENSTEIN_3D_game_on_ZX_Spectrum_128!!

WOLFENSTEIN 3D game on ZX Spectrum 128!!

ZX_Spectrum_-=The_Dark=-

ZX Spectrum -=The Dark=-

Deathchase for the ZX Spectrum featured first-person combat on a motorbike, similar to the speeder bike chases from the film Return of the Jedi that also came out in 1983.[92][93][94][95][96] It has often been cited as among the best games for the system.[97][98] [99][100]

Homemade ports have also been made for the MSX,[101][102][103] Amstrad CPC,[104] Dragon 32[105] and Tandy Coco,[106] Atari 8-bit,[107][108] OpenGL and Allegro for Microsoft Windows,[109] AppGameKit for Windows and Android,[110] and numerous others on itch.io.

Corridors of Genon by Malcolm Evans continued the legacy of 3D Monster Maze,[111][112][113] among other experiments such as 3D Tunnel and Knot in 3D.

Later on,[114][115] an attempted demake of Doom emerged in 1997,[116] with the similar though grid-based ZXOOM released in 2011.[117][118]

A stripped down version of Wolfenstein 3D was created in 2004,[119] with more faithful versions later attempted for the ZX Spectrum Next.[120][121]

A polygonal engine also demoed in 2022,[122] utilizing heads-up display elements from Doom,[123][124] and evolved into the game BORSCH in 2023.[125]

Back in 1997 the first incarnation of the Quake-inspired The Dark launched,[126][127] then had a wider re-release in 2016, and The Dark - Redux was published in 2021.[128]

A try at a demake of the Amiga game Cytadela was worked on in 1996,[129] which featured downgraded versions of the former human from Doom.[130][131]

A variety of first-person maze games[132] and other 3D perspective titles are available.[133]

Sinclair QL[]

The high end business oriented Sinclair QL did not receive many games, but a release called 3D Maze written by Halvor Heuch was published by Sunshine Publications Ltd in 1985.[134][135]

Commodore International[]

PET[]

POLF

POLF

The Commodore PET featured the first-person maze game Labyrinth in 1983 created using PETSCII graphics,[136][137][138] as well as Super Doolhof from 1980.[139] In 2021 the game POLF implemented a raycasting engine using only character displays.[140][141][142][143] A demake of Wolfenstein 3D for the system was produced in 2024.[144][145] A conversion of 3D Monster Maze was released in 2022.[146][147][148]

VIC-20[]

DOOM_for_the_Commodore_VIC-20_-_Commodore_VC-20

DOOM for the Commodore VIC-20 - Commodore VC-20

vicdoom from 2010 converts Doom for the VIC-20.[149][150] The system also received another first-person title in 2011 known as The Keep.[151][152][153] 3D Monster Maze was converted over to the system in 2023.[154] Jeff Minter released 3-D Labyrinth for the system back in 1982,[155][156][157] with another game called 3D Labyrinth released in 1984 by Compute!.[158] Ratrun was released way back in 1979.[159][160]

C64[]

C64_Longplay_-_The_Eidolon

C64 Longplay - The Eidolon

Commodore_64_-=Grey=-_demo_V6

Commodore 64 -=Grey=- demo V6

The Commodore 64[161] saw an action dungeon crawler called Doom from 1995,[162] the comparable but more developed Boom in 1996,[163][164][165] a shooting gallery also titled Doom from 1996,[166] a 1996 first-person shooter demo called M.O.O.D.,[167][168] the 1997 preview of Nether and its 2012 successor Aptitude,[169] the Andropolis demo from 2009,[170][171] and the original first-person shooters Grey[172][173] and T.R.S.I. The Red Serpent Invasion[174][175][176] premiering in 2022.

A version of Doom from 2014 also exists for the C64 and C128, but requires the SuperCPU third-party upgrade, with RAD-Doom from 2023 targeting the RAD Expansion Unit.[177] A port of Wolfenstein 3D was also released in 2017 for the SuperCPU,[178][179] as well as a raycast demo called Baccy's Nightmare from 1998.[180]

The C64 had already seen several groundbreaking first-person releases through the 1980s that it shared with the rival Atari 8-bit computers, with even vicdoom also being converted into ADoom for that system in 2023.[181][182] These included Wayout (with the related Capture the Flag released for the VIC-20), Encounter!, Mercenary, and The Eidolon These are often regarded as forerunners to the modern first-person shooter.[183][184]

The wireframe Cholo in 1987 on several such machines demonstrated the early possibilities of the format,[185] as did the Freescape engine on both 8-bit and 16-bit machines, with the light-gun shooter Operation Wolf also cited as an influence on later free moving first-person shooters.[186]

A variety of first-person maze games were released for the system.[187][188][189]

Amiga[]

See: Amiga

Apple[]

Apple II[]

APPLE_II_HBCC-3D

APPLE II HBCC-3D

Antecedents of later first-person games on the Apple II include grid-based first-person titles such as Escape! and Maze Game by Muse Software,[190][191] Spectre,[192] and Theseus and the Minotaur,[193][194] as well as the fully rotational Wayout.[195][196] Caves of Ice was written for the Apple II and then ported to the PET, VIC-20 and Atari 8-bit computer.[197]

The 1978 game Gunfight meanwhile depicted a classic western fast draw duel in static first-person.[198]

The HBCC-3D project implements a texture mapped raycasting engine for the Apple II,[199][200] with a third party conversion for the Macintosh Plus also previewed.[201]

The Apple III and Apple Lisa meanwhile were business oriented machines, and so received very few computer games.[202][203]

Apple IIGS[]

Mazer_II_for_the_Apple_IIGS

Mazer II for the Apple IIGS

For the Apple IIGS, ports of Wolfenstein 3D[204][205] and Catacomb Abyss[206] were created, both with involvement by "Burger" Heineman. Original to the system were Mazer II by later Macintosh developer Farfetch Software,[207][208] and the shooting gallery Great Western Shootout.[209][210]

Macintosh[]

See: Macintosh

Atari[]

Atari 8-bit[]

Wayout_(1982)_-_First_3D_game_with_360_degree_freedom

Wayout (1982) - First 3D game with 360 degree freedom

Atari_XL-XE_-=Final_Assault=-

Atari XL-XE -=Final Assault=-

The Atari 8-bit computers saw the release of Wayout in 1982, which featured a comparable solid coloured engine nine years before id Software released Hovertank 3D for MS DOS in April 1991.[211] A variant featuring capture the flag was also released in 1983.[212]

Novagen Software's Encounter! in 1983[213][214][215] and Mercenary from 1985 achieved similar with scaled bitmaps and vector graphics,[216][217] as well as continuing to pioneer the open world.[218][219]

Also in 1985, The Eidolon from LucasArts used fractal technology to render the interior of a cave, receiving a floppy disk release that saw versions for both the Atari 8-bit and Commdore 64 on either side.[220][221][222]

A raycasting demo and full on first-person shooter entitled Final Assault released for the system in 2021.[223][224] The earlier 8-bit conversion vicdoom was ported into ADoom for the Atari 8-bit systems in 2023.[225][226] An earlier raycasting demo was created in 2014.[227][228]

A variety of first-person maze games were released for the system,[229] as well as adventure[230] and role playing games.[231]

Atari ST[]

MIDI_Maze_(1987)_-_First_first-person_shooter_with_visible_bullets

MIDI Maze (1987) - First first-person shooter with visible bullets

A number of first-person games were released for the Atari ST.[232] The 1987 first-person shooter MIDI Maze introduced networked multiplayer deathmatch over five years before Doom launched in December 1993 (and was later released on consoles as Faceball 2000).[233] DARC - Defensive Alien Remoting Command from 1996 offered flat coloured first-person mazes, but had a low framerate and only turns of 90 degrees.[234][235][236]

The launch of Corporation in 1990 for the ST, Amiga, and MS DOS brought forth elements of an immersive sim,[237][238][239] later also ported to the Sega Genesis,[240][241] Infestation offered a polygonal world, while Novagen Software succeeded its run with Damocles in 1990[242] and Mercenary III in 1992 for ST and Amiga.[243][244][245]

In April 2025 a project called STDoom was unveiled, running the classic Doom on a stock ST albeit with heavy dithering and a low framerate.[246][247][248][249][250][251][252][253]

Atari STe[]

ATARI_ST_Destruction_Imminent_DOOM_CLONE_Cunning_and_Devious_Games_1996_DOOM_CLONE_FPS

ATARI ST Destruction Imminent DOOM CLONE Cunning and Devious Games 1996 DOOM CLONE FPS

The upgraded Atari STe saw a number of attempted shooters, including Hellgate in 1996 written in STOS BASIC, and the commercial Gouraud-shaded Substation in 1995 and the texture mapped Destruction Imminent in 1996.[254][255] A version of Wolfenstein 3D was ported in 2005.[256][257]

Atari Falcon[]

The rare Atari Falcon saw a demo in 1997 called Running, which presaged the arrival of a number of proper source ports of the more architecturally advanced Doom and even Quake.[258][259] The Falcon was swiftly discontinued in favor of the Atari Jaguar console, which did receive official versions of Doom and Wolfenstein 3D.

Acorn Computers[]

Atom[]

3D Maze was released for the Acorn Atom.[260]

Electron[]

The BBC Micro (also sold as the Electron) originated the early wireframe first-person title Cholo in 1986,[261] later ported to the ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, and Commdore 64 in 1987, and remade for Microsoft Windows in 2005.[262] The Sentinel in 1986 pioneered 3D rendering outdoor scenes, was ported to the aforementioned micros and also the Atari ST, Amiga and DOS, and has also seen numerous remakes.[263] The platform also received a number of first-person maze games.[264]

Archimedes[]

See: RISC OS

RISC PC[]

See: RISC OS

Unix[]

Alongside ports to Linux or BSD running on x86 hardware, several id Software games have been ported to various workstations running variants of Unix.[265] Initially most of these were done internally by Dave Taylor,[266] and later by hobbyists using the released source code. Earlier, a direct descendant of the Xerox version of Maze War was created for the X Window System in 1986.[267]

NeXTcube[]

NeXTSTEP was famously used by id Software during the development of Doom and Quake,[268] specifically on a NeXTstation,[269] a cost reduced derivative of the NeXTcube. Similar to the Macintosh, it also received its own bespoke incarnation of MazeWar.[270]

SPARCstation[]

The SPARCstation and Sun Ultra workstations and related hardware running Solaris received ports[271][272] of Doom,[273] Heretic,[274] Wolfenstein 3D,[275] Quake,[276][277] Quake II,[278][279][280] and Quake III,[281] as well as Unix-like clones of MIDI Maze such as iMaze[282] and Netmaze.[283] ACK-3D was also ported over to Unix-like systems in 1994.[284]

SGI Indigo[]

Doom, Quake and Quake II were all ported to the various SGI workstations such as the SGI Indigo and SGI Octane runing IRIX.[285] A port was also created for Duke Nukem 3D.[286]

IBM RS/6000[]

The IBM RS/6000 series and other machines running AIX also received versions of Doom and Quake.[287][288] A specialized port by NCommander of Doom and its development journey attracted notice in 2022.[289][290]

HP 9000[]

Unlike its rivals, the HP 9000 series running HP-UX did not receive a binary port of Doom,[291] although source ports such as Doom It Yourself have been compiled for it.[292][293] Quake has also allegedly been built from source.[294]

AlphaStation[]

Although designed for Tru 64 Unix, most gaming on the DEC AlphaStation hardware is done via the Alpha version of Windows NT. Games that have been run include Doom, Quake, Hexen, and even Rise of the Triad.[295] The DEC Multia was designed with NT in mind, and came in variants using both the Alpha and Pentium processors.

Amstrad CPC[]

The Freescape polygonal engine was originated on the Amstrad CPC in 1987,[296][297][298] culminating in the Virtual Worlds: The 3D Game Collection compilation in 1991.[299][300] A relative latecomer to the 8-bit micro market,[301] it also received versions of a number of games mentioned elsewhere in this article, such as Cholo, The Sentinel, The Eidolon, Mercenary, Operation Wolf, and a homebrew of Deathchase. It also shared the game 3D Monster Chase with the ZX Spectrum and Camputers Lynx.[302][303][304][305][306][307][308] The Lynx and the Amstrad additionally shared the first-person Sultan's Maze in 1984.[309][310][311] The Amstrad GX4000 console version featured a conversion of the rail shooter Operation Thunderbolt and an enhanced version of Skeet Shoot.

BeBox[]

Hexen, Quake, and Quake II[312] were officially ported to the BeOS operating system created initally for the PowerPC-based BeBox computer, while others, such as Shogo and Slave Zero, were announced but never released.[313] Several source ports have been created for BeOS and for the open-source succesor system Haiku.[314][315][316]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ↑ Balgorg, (2 September 2009) "The History of FPS Games Vol 1 1974-1988". YouTube. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  2. ↑ FRGCB Dude, (5 August 2017) "SPECIAL: Modern Game Ports And Demakes!". FRGCB - Finnish Retro Game Comparison Blog. Retrieved 21 July 2024. Status: Live
  3. ↑ Sharopolis, (3 August 2019) "8-Bit First Person Shooter Shoutout". YouTube. Retrieved 25 July 2024. Status: Live
  4. ↑ FrenkelS, (unlisted) "Doom8088". GitHub. Retrieved 06 November 2024. Status: Live
  5. ↑ DookNookim, (27 October 2024) "Doom on an emulated IBM 5160 PC XT running at 4.77 MHz". YouTube. Retrieved 06 November 2024. Status: Live
  6. ↑ List, Jenny (02 September 2023) "Will An 8088 Run DOOM? Now, Yes It Will!". Hackaday. Retrieved 06 November 2024. Status: Live
  7. ↑ Keeper, Crypt (27 May 2025) "DOOM8088ST". Atari Crypt. Retrieved 28 May 2025. Status: Live
  8. ↑ Guyton, Jim (unlisted) "Jim Guyton's Story of Maze at Xerox (Alto and Star)". DigiBarn Museum. Retrieved 11 August 2024. Status: Live
  9. ↑ Wahrman, Michael (23 June 2013) "How Mazewar Escaped from a Lab at MIT in 1977". Global Wahrman. Retrieved 11 August 2024. Status: Live
  10. ↑ Lamb, Chris (July 2005) "The Three Rivers PERQ (T2)". Digibarn. Retrieved 22 December 2024. Status: Live
  11. ↑ Schenker, Jonathon (January 20, 2016) "MazeWar". GitHub. Retrieved 28 December 2024. Status: Live
  12. ↑ Moczarski, Will (18 October 2018) "Missed Classic 59: Deathmaze 5000 (1980) - Introduction". The Adventurers Guild. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  13. ↑ Dyer, Jason (12 July 2019) "Deathmaze 5000 (1980)". Renga in Blue. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  14. ↑ Reed, Matthew (unlisted) "Deathmaze 5000". Matthew Reed's TRS-80.org. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  15. ↑ Moczarski, Will (27 December 2018) "Missed Classic 64: Labyrinth (1980) - Introduction". The Adventurers Guild. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  16. ↑ Stu's Game Reviews, (23 February 2023) "Labyrinth (TRS-80, 1980) - Adventure Let's Play!". YouTube. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  17. ↑ Reed, Matthew (unlisted) "Labyrinth". Matthew Reed's TRS-80.org. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  18. ↑ Dyer, Jason (09 September 2019) "Labyrinth (1980)". Renga in Blue. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  19. ↑ Moczarski, Will (11 July 2019) "Missed Classic 71: Asylum (1981) – Introduction". The Adventurers Guild. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  20. ↑ Dobson, Dale (26 November 2012) "Games from the Trash: The History of the TRS-80". Game Developer. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  21. ↑ Reed, Matthew (unlisted) "Asylum". Matthew Reed's TRS-80.org. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  22. ↑ Dyer, Jason (29 March 2021) "Asylum (1981)". Renga in Blue. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  23. ↑ hirudov, (29 December 2012) "Portal of Light game for TRS-80 Model 100". YouTube. Retrieved 02 Spetember 2024. Status: Live
  24. ↑ Dyer, Jason (22 March 2023) "Asylum II (1982)". Renga in Blue. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  25. ↑ Highretrogamelord, (6 September 2022) "Asylum for DOS". YouTube. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  26. ↑ Reed, Matthew (unlisted) "Armored Patrol". Matthew Reed's TRS-80.org. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  27. ↑ Omega TI, (29 May 2023) "TRS-80 Armored Patrol". YouTube. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  28. ↑ , (unlisted) "Armored Patrol (Model 010-0140)". Arcade History. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  29. ↑ hirudov, (19 December 2012) "Tank Zone 2000 game for TRS-80 Model 1". YouTube. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  30. ↑ Chronologically Gaming, (7 February 2023) "1981 Has a First Person Shooter for the TRS-80!". YouTube. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  31. ↑ Marentes, Nick (unlisted) "GATE CRASHER". Nickolas Marentes' Project Archive. Retrieved 20 July 2024. Status: Live
  32. ↑ , Amigos Retro Gaming (5 May 2024) "A DOOM-like 3D First Person Shooter Game on the COCO?!?! It's GATE CRASHER on the CoCo Show 52!". YouTube. Retrieved 20 July 2024. Status: Live
  33. ↑ Mallinson, Paul (17 October 2021) "Phantom Slayer, Dragon 32". The King of Grabs. Retrieved 20 July 2024. Status: Live
  34. ↑ Orr, Lucy (25 April 2012) "Ten eight-bit classic games". The Register. Retrieved 11 August 2024. Status: Live
  35. ↑ Bolingbroke, Chester (15 January 2014) "Game 132: Dungeons of Daggorath (1982)". The CRPG Addict. Retrieved 11 August 2024. Status: Live
  36. ↑ professor6153, (17 August 2022) "Game #168: Dungeons of Daggorath (1982)". Retro Games Trove. Retrieved 11 August 2024. Status: Live
  37. ↑ Pepe, Felipe (unlisted) "1982 – Dungeons of Daggorath". CRPG Book Project. Retrieved 11 August 2024. Status: Live
  38. ↑ I'm a CoCo Nut, (1 November 2017) "Androne for the Tandy Radio Shack TRS-80 Color Computer". YouTube. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  39. ↑ , (7 February 2009) "Androne". Cocopedia. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  40. ↑ Bild, Nick (22 April 2023) "Dungeons of Doom". Hackaday. Retrieved 03 September 2024. Status: Live
  41. ↑ Williams, Al (22 September 2024) "Where Did The Japanese Computers Go?". Hackaday. Retrieved 4 October 2024. Status: Live
  42. ↑ MendelPalace, (30 August 2023) "Japanese "First-Person Shooters"". Backloggd. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  43. ↑ McFerran, Damien, Szczepaniak, John (4 January 2023) "Best Sharp X68000 Games: 20 Titles We Want On The X68000 Z Mini". Time Extension. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  44. ↑ PasokonDeacon, (26 July 2020) "Could the Sharp X68000 run Doom?". Doomworld. Retrieved 06 September 2024. Status: Live
  45. ↑ NoeV, (17 February 2010) "Japan and the mysteries of the FPS format". Street Writer: The Word Warrior. Retrieved 29 December 2024. Status: Live
  46. ↑ Old Classic Retro Gaming, (18 October 2016) "MSX Game: 3-D Bomberman (1984 Hudson Soft)". YouTube. Retrieved 21 August 2024. Status: Live
  47. ↑ Lethbridge, Simon (unlisted) "3-D Bomberman". Obsolete Gamer. Retrieved 21 August 2024. Status: Live
  48. ↑ , (27 September 2006) "3D Bomberman". MSX Games World. Retrieved 21 August 2024. Status: Live
  49. ↑ , (unlisted) "Iligks episode IV". Generation MSX. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  50. ↑ , (unlisted) "3D Alien in Town". Generation MSX. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  51. ↑ , (unlisted) "Laberinto". Generation MSX. Retrieved 02 September 2024. Status: Live
  52. ↑ Saberman RetroNews, (23 Decemeber 2022) "MSX/MSX2 -=3D Deathchase=- WIP alpha 3". YouTube. Retrieved 21 August 2024. Status: Live
  53. ↑ , (09 December 2022) "3D Deathchase for MSX - A homage to a classic ZX Spectrum game, gets an Alpha". Indie Retro News. Retrieved 21 August 2024. Status: Live
  54. ↑ , (24 December 2022) "3D Deathchase". MSX Games World. Retrieved 21 August 2024. Status: Live
  55. ↑ kubo_channel, (31 December 2022) "PC-8001　The Alien Island 3D-Version". YouTube. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  56. ↑ Campbell, Marc (21 December 2016) "(PC88) Star Cruiser (1988) (Arsys Software)". YouTube. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  57. ↑ Kim, Matt (17 January 2019) "Kotori Yoshimura and Star Cruiser: How Twitter Revived a Piece of Japanese Gaming History". VG247. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  58. ↑ Kalata, Kurt (16 February 2018) "Star Cruiser". HardcoreGaming101. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  59. ↑ , George (4 September 2016) "Japanese SEGA Mega Drive ‘Star Cruiser’ gets fan translation". Sega Bits. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  60. ↑ Powell, Chris (03 September 2016) "Star Cruiser, a Japanese exclusive Mega Drive shooter, translated into English". Retro Gaming Magazine. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Archived
  61. ↑ , (1 April 2024) "Star Cruiser". NEC Retro. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  62. ↑ PawsInMyFace, (9 January 2017) "DOOM 1 and II NEC PC-9821 Gameplay Footage (REAL HARDWARE)". YouTube. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  63. ↑ CaseyDog, (24 July 2020) "PC-98 Doom". Doomworld. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  64. ↑ , (4 May 2024) "Wolfenstein 3D". NEC Retro. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  65. ↑ , (4 May 2024) "Doom". NEC Retro. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
  66. ↑ , (8 January 2022) "Descent". NEC Retro. Retrieved 01 September 2024. Status: Live
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